Ask Doctor

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus. You may discover that somebody is “HIV infected”, “has HIV infection”, or “has HIV disease.” These are all periods that signify the individual has HIV in his or her body and can overtake the virus to other people.

HIV attacks the body’s immune system. The immune scheme defends the body from diseases and infection, but has no clear way to defend it from HIV. Over time, most persons contaminated with HIV become less adept to battle off the germs that we are all revealed to every day. Many of these germs manage not generally make a wholesome individual ill, but they can origin life-threatening diseases and cancers in a individual whose immune scheme has been dwindled by HIV.

People contaminated with HIV may have no symptoms for 10 or more years. They may not understand they are infected. An HIV test is the only way to find out if you have HIV. See HIV Counseling and Testing for data and assets on HIV checking in New York State.

HIV disperses when contaminated body-fluid, semen, vaginal fluids, or breast milk gets into the bloodstream of another individual through:

• direct application into a body-fluid vessel;
• mucous linings, for example the vagina, rectum, penis, mouth, eyes, or nose, or
• a shatter in the skin.

HIV is not disperse through saliva (spit).

HIV is disperse through:

• Vaginal, anal, or oral sex without utilising a condom.
• Sharing needles, syringes, or works to inject pharmaceuticals, vitamins, hormones, steroids, or medicines.
• Women with HIV contamination can overtake HIV to their offspring throughout pregnancy, consignment, and breastfeeding.
• People who are revealed to body-fluid and/or body fluids at work, like wellbeing care employees, may be revealed to HIV through needle-sticks or other on-the-job exposures.

It may furthermore be likely to overtake HIV through distributing needles for piercing or tattooing.

A individual contaminated with HIV can overtake the virus to other ones throughout these activities. This is factual even if the person:

• has no symptoms of HIV
• has not been identified with AIDS
• is taking HIV medications
• has an “undetectable” viral load

HIV is not disperse by casual communicate like sneezing, hacking, consuming or consuming from widespread utensils, agitating hands, hugging, or use of restrooms and consuming fountains.

AIDS

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a late stage of HIV disease. Medications can assist persons dwelling with HIV or AIDS reside longer, healthier lives. Some persons have dwelled for more than 20 years and have taken medicines for more than 10 years. Not everyone’s infection progresses or answers to medications in the identical way. AIDS has grave wellbeing penalties, it can hinder with value of life and there is no cure.

Tuberculosis is a respiratory ache that is anesthetized to added humans through coughing and sneezing over a aeon of time and area there is little blast to anticipate it from spreading. At this point the bacilli access their respiratory arrangement and can advance to added organs if it is not suppressed by the person’s allowed system. If the being who is apparent to TB is healthy, their allowed arrangement is again able to accommodate the bacilli and the being again has what is alleged Latent TB, which may become alive if their allowed arrangement is somehow impaired, either by age or added diseases such as AIDS.

When the person’s allowed arrangement takes over it is able to accommodate the bacilli in baby sacs or tubercles in the lungs, appropriately preventing the bacilli from overextension to added locations of the physique area it can could cause abundant accident and even death. If for some acumen the physique isn’t able to stop the overextension of the ache again the bacilli would be advance through the claret to added locations of the physique such as the spine, kidneys, and changeable changeable organs. In accession a mother is able to advance it to her approaching child.

Once TB is advance through the physique to added organs the bacilli are attacked by the allowed arrangement and a accessory “war” is started and both abandon lose “warriors”. The bacilli die and aswell advantageous tissues die and about-face into growths that are alleged granulomas. The bacilli are able to reside aural these granulomas. However, they do cease growing.

It is accepted to be declared as well that even admitting this ache is contagious, it is alone the person’s respiratory arrangement that is the adjustment contagion; a being cannot get TB from affecting the being or their bedding or clothing. So, while able blast is absolutely necessary, alienated affecting the being or their accouterment is not all-important at all. Touch charcoal a actual advantageous and all-important allotment of activity and can sometimes abetment in accouterment a being with affecting advance and accord in this and any added illness.

Someone Latent TB is not contagious, asymptomatic (having no symptoms), feel healthy, about they do accept a absolute derma analysis and the tuberculosis get alive after analysis for the Latent TB. In a lot of cases this being never gets TB, the bacillus actual abeyant through the blow of their life.

Tuberculosis disease (short for TB) is an actual catching ache of the respiratory system. It is a bacterial infection that begins in the lungs and is able to advance by the circulatory arrangement to added locations of the body, such as the Meninges, spine, kidneys, and added belly organs and may be fatal. Tuberculosis disease is losing appetite and weight, sweating at night, and fever.

Tuberculosis disease is added generally advance (through coughs and sneezes). In crowded, bedraggled altitude a lot of humans who get it accept bargain amnesty because of added infections (AIDS) or age. In some cases Tuberculosis affection may not arise until after in activity because the body’s allowed arrangement has kept the ache beneath ascendancy until the being becomes aged and their allowed arrangement is somehow lowered. Thus this ache is accepted in some nursing homes area there is bottleneck and blast isn’t abundant to anticipate the advance of TB.

In its live state, TB kills approx. 60% of those who go untreated. Worldwide TB kills about three actor humans every year. Annually there are 20,000 live cases in the US alone. At one time TB was the capital could cause of afterlife in the US. Medication for this ache has alone become accessible back the 1940′s. Before that time it was alleged “consumption” and humans with this ache were abandoned in limited sanitariums to anticipate it from overextension to others.

It is reported that most affected women experienced different or new physical symptoms, about a month before they were actually hit by a heart attack. This theory of female heart attack symptoms was researched by National Institutes of Health (NIH), Keeping oneself abreast of all such symptoms is considered critical, as this would provide a great deal of help in preventing and tackling an attack.

It is widely known that chest pain is a typical heart attack symptom. However, most women do not experience any kind of chest pain before or during any phase of heart attack. In the research of checking 515 women, about 43% of the total figure experienced no chest pain. Nevertheless, doctors still consider chest pain as an important symptom of heart attack in both the sexes and this may be the reason why many women may be misdiagnosed and discharged from the emergency room without being treated.

The common female heart attack symptoms include shortness of breath, weakness and fatigue for no good reason. Also, there might be other accompanying symptoms like nausea, dizziness, back pain, discomfort in lower chest and symptoms which are similar to indigestion. Misunderstanding all these symptoms for a different ailment may result in ill repercussions and even prove fatal, in some cases. Therefore, if such symptoms seem to occur continuously, you must consider paying an early visit to the doctor.

It is reported that many famous sexy stars were dead for breast cancer. And more and more women are troubled by breast cancer and some have to confront with the cruelty of losing their breast or breasts. In order to get rid of this tragedy, we concluded some symptoms and diagnosis of breast cancer, hope it will be helpful.

Breast cancer does not show any symptoms in the initial stages. Formation of lumps and cysts in the breasts are quite common and most of them are benign in nature. But these lumps, cysts or fibroids can turn cancerous depending on the individual. One should go for various screening tests of breast cancer if certain changes are observed in the breast.

The Symptoms listed

1. Formation of lumps or hardening around the breast or in the under arms.

2. Any change in the shape and size of the breast.

3. Crumpling of the breast skin

4. Discharge from the nipple.

5. Retraction of the nipple.

6. Skin of the breast or the areola turns red, scaly forming ridges and pits

It is the responsible of the health care provider to guide the patient through proper screening in confirming the malignancy of the breast lumps.

Diagnosis of breast cancer—Breast cancer can be detected even before the appearance of the symptoms. Women above 50 and having history of breast cancer in family can go for cancer detection tests just for a precautionary measure. Breast cancer can be cured easily if detected earlier.

Clinical breast examination—the doctors do a thorough breast examination like the shape of the breasts, condition of the skin and on finding any abnormal signs the nipples may be squeezed to check for any discharge. The size and nature of the lumps in the breast and in lymphatic glands are also checked throughout the entire chest and underarm areas.

Mammograms—this test can detect the breast lumps through X-rays even before they are felt. Mammograms also show micro calcifications which are also responsible for breast cancer.

It is advisable for women above 40 to go for a mammogram check up every 2 years. Following the results of the mammogram the doctor advises for further imaging tests to detect breast cancer

Other imaging tests

1. Ultrasound tests using sound waves are advised if breast lumps are detected. Through these ultrasound tests the nature of the lumps whether it is solid or fluid filled can be detected.

2. MRI helps in differentiating between the normal tissues and the diseased ones using powerful magnets and by studying the images which are captured in the computer.

Biopsy—this test confirms the presence of cancer. A part of the tissue from the abnormal area is tested in several ways in biopsy like needle biopsy, core biopsy, skin biopsy and surgical biopsy.

Lab test of breast tissue—if breast cancer is detected, the doctors advise hormone receptor tests or HER2/neu test to detect the presence of hormones and proteins that are responsible for the growth of breast tumors.